In cryptography, a shift cipher, also known as Caesar’s cipher,is named after Julius Caesar (13 July 100 BC-15 March 44 BC). Thecipher uses a shift of the alphabet by a number to the left orright. Take the letters of the alphabet (we will restrict ourselvesto the uppercase for now) and shift them by +5 characters, so thatthe letter ‘A’ becomes the letter ‘F
‘—->ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
This gives us:
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ (Plain Alphabet)
FGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDE (Cipher Alphabet)
Notice that the letter ‘A’ becomes ‘F’, which is 5 letters more.This is known as a right shift of 5. It is also the same as sayingleft shifted by -21(If we are
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