Under what circumstances is file downloading through P2P muchfaster than through
a centralized client-server approach? Justify youranswer using Equation 2.2.
Let’s first determine the distribution time for theclient-server architecture, which we denote by Dcs. In theclient-server architecture, none of the peers aids in distributingthe file. We make the following observations:
• The server must transmit one copy of the file to each of the Npeers. Thus the server must transmit NF bits. Since the server’supload rate is us, the time
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