(Answered):Phiosophy Journal . . . .

Question Description

For this journal assignment, determine if each of following arguments validity (valid or invalid) and soundness (sound or unsound). In addition, explain WHY each argument is valid or invalid, sound or unsound. Here is an example:

1. No mammals are birds. Some penguins are mammals. Therefore, some penguins are not birds.

This argument is valid, because the form, if all premises are true, guarantees that the conclusion is also true. However, this argument is unsound, because one of the premises (some penguins are mammals) is not true.

Each question below will be worth two points each; one point if you correctly