Question Description
In Chapter 4, the author reminds us not to confuse correlation with causation. This means that just because two variables are found to have a correlation, it doesn’t mean that one necessarily “causes” the other to occur. The author also mentions in Sections 4.4 that when we find a correlation between two variables, we should be careful of “lurking variables” (p. 106).
For example, suppose a correlation is found between the number of hours a child spends on music lessons, and their overall test scores. It’s then concluded that “music lessons make children smarter”. Some possible lurking variables
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