Since the beginning ofthe twenty-first century, politicians, scientists, and other publicfigures have debated the nature, causes, and consequences of globalwarming. Are increased global temperatures within normal climaticvariations, or are they a result of human activities? In reviewingthe debate, you may encounter both causal arguments and causalexplanations. In the case of a causal argument, the speaker isattempting to convince others that some causal claim is true,whereas in a causal explanation, the speaker is explaining how orwhy some accepted fact is true. Compare, for example, the followingtwo passages. How do we know the increase in CO2 is human caused?There is an
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